HIDDEN BUT PRESENT: MOLECULAR DETECTION AND POPULATION ANALYSIS OF FACTOR XI DEFICIENCY IN BULGARIAN HOLSTEIN CATTLE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2026.03.001Keywords:
blood coagulation, Factor XI, Holstein cowsAbstract
Factor XI deficiency is an example of a blood-clotting disorder which is associated with elevated bleeding predisposition and reproductive complications in dairy cattle. The experiment aimed to investigate the frequency of the mutation in exon 12 of the F11 gene, responsible for the FXI disorder in a small population of Holstein cows. A total of 52 animals were analysed by PCR-based genotyping, where 46 were identified as homozygous carriers of the normal allele (genotype FF), 4 animals were recognized as heterozygous carriers of the mutation (genotype Ff) and 2 cows were determined as homozygous for the mutant allele (genotype ff). The frequency of the mutant allele was calculated to 0.0769, which is untypically high for the breed. In addition, the results revealed a significant deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P<0.05), which indicates the use of undesirable breeding strategies in the farm. This data demonstrates the need for introduction of molecular genetic screening into breeding programs in order to limit the spread of the mutation and eradicate the disorder in dairy cattle.
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